The Powerful Camera

Each pixel in the image has a numerical value of between 0 and 255 and is made up of three color channels.
No. Each pixel has is defined by three numerical values between 0 and 255. Not to mention that later you go on to explain that these values can be also 10-bit, 12-bit, 16-bit, etc. and so are not necessarily in the 0-255 range.
I would also drop the whole discussion of interline transfers. This is unneeded and waaaay to technical for an article on camera basics.
In the discussion of sensor size I would mention that the smaller the sensor, the sooner the diffraction limit bites you. IIRC for Canon D60 and 10D the system becomes diffraction-limited after f11 or f13. For smaller digicam sensors it’s much sooner. Small sensors run into problems with lens diffraction, which limits image resolution at small apertures-- starting around f/16 for the 35mm format. At large apertures-- f/4 and above-- resolution is limited by aberrations. There is a resolution ’sweet spot’ between the two limits, typically between f/5.6 and f/11 for good 35mm lenses. The aperture at which a lens becomes diffraction-limited is proportional to the format size: 22 mm diagonal sensors become diffraction-limited at f/8 and 11 mm diagonal sensors become diffraction-limited at f/4-- the same aperture where it becomes aberration-limited.

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